Lapho kufika isikhathi semvula, ukukhanya kwelanga sekuyivelakancane.
Kubathandi bokutshala ama-succulents noma ukutshala ama-succulents, kungashiwo ukuthi kuyakhathaza.
Izitshalo ezithambile zithanda ukukhanya kwelanga futhi zithanda indawo enomoya opholile. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuzozenza zibe zincane futhi zibe zinde, okuzenza zibe zimbi. Ukungena komoya okwanele nakho kungabangela izimpande zazo ukuba zibole, kanti ezinenyama zingabuna noma zife.
Abangane abaningi abatshala izitshalo ezinamaqabunga athambile bakhetha ukusebenzisa izibani zezitshalo ukuze bagcwalise izitshalo ezinamaqabunga athambile.
Ngakho-ke, ungakhetha kanjani ukukhanya okugcwele?
Ake siqale siqonde imiphumela yamaza ahlukahlukene okukhanya ezitshalweni:
280 ~ 315nm: umthelela omncane kakhulu ekubumbeni nasekusebenzeni komzimba;
315 ~ 400nm: Ukumuncwa okuncane kwe-chlorophyll, okuthinta umphumela we-photoperiod futhi kuvimbele ukunwebeka kwesiqu;
400 ~ 520nm (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka): Isilinganiso sokumuncwa kwe-chlorophyll nama-carotenoids sikhulu kunazo zonke, futhi sinomthelela omkhulu ku-photosynthesis;
520 ~ 610nm (oluhlaza): izinga lokumuncwa kwe-pigment aliphezulu;
610 ~ 720nm (obomvu): Izinga eliphansi lokumuncwa kwe-chlorophyll, elinomthelela omkhulu emiphumeleni ye-photosynthesis kanye ne-photoperiod;
720 ~ 1000nm: Izinga eliphansi lokumunca, likhuthaza ukunwebeka kwamaseli, lithinta ukuqhakaza nokuhluma kwembewu;
＞1000nm: Iguqulwe yaba ukushisa.
Abangane abaningi bathenge zonke izinhlobo zezibani zokukhulisa izitshalo ku-inthanethi, kanti abanye bathi ziyasebenza ngemva kokuzisebenzisa, kanti abanye bathi azisebenzi nhlobo. Siyini isimo sangempela? Isibani sakho asisebenzi, mhlawumbe kungenxa yokuthi uthenge isibani esingalungile.
Umehluko phakathi kwezibani zokukhula kwezitshalo nezibani ezivamile:
Isithombe sibonisa lonke i-spectrum yokukhanya okubonakalayo (ukukhanya kwelanga). Kungabonakala ukuthi i-wave band engakhuthaza ukukhula kwezitshalo incike kakhulu kubomvu nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuyindawo embozwe umugqa oluhlaza esithombeni. Yingakho izibani zokukhula kwezitshalo ze-LED ezithengwa ku-inthanethi zisebenzisa ubuhlalu bezibani ezibomvu nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici nemisebenzi yezibani zezitshalo ze-LED:
1. Amaza okukhanya ahlukene anemiphumela ehlukene ku-photosynthesis yezitshalo. Ukukhanya okudingekayo ku-photosynthesis yezitshalo kunobude obungu-400-700nm. Ukukhanya okungu-400-500nm (oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) kanye no-610-720nm (obomvu) kunikela kakhulu ku-photosynthesis.
2. Ama-LED aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (470nm) kanye nobomvu (630nm) anganikeza ukukhanya okudingwa izitshalo, ngakho-ke ukukhetha okuhle ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela yale mibala emibili. Ngokuphathelene nemiphumela ebonakalayo, izibani zezitshalo ezibomvu neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zipinki.
3. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusiza i-photosynthesis yezitshalo, okungakhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga aluhlaza, ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, kanye nokwakheka kwezithelo; ukukhanya okubomvu kungakhuthaza ukukhula kwe-rhizome yezitshalo, kusize ukuqhakaza nokuthela izithelo futhi kuqhube isikhathi sokuqhakaza, futhi kwandise isivuno!
4. Isilinganiso sama-LED abomvu naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezibani zezitshalo ze-LED ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-4:1--9:1, ngokuvamile u-6-9:1.
5. Uma izibani zezitshalo zisetshenziswa ukwengeza ukukhanya kwezitshalo, ukuphakama kusuka emaqabunga ngokuvamile kungaba amamitha angu-0.5-1, futhi ukuchayeka okuqhubekayo amahora angu-12-16 ngosuku kungathatha indawo yelanga ngokuphelele.
6. Umphumela ubaluleke kakhulu, futhi izinga lokukhula lishesha cishe ngokuphindwe kathathu kunelezitshalo ezivamile ezikhula ngokwemvelo.
7. Xazulula inkinga yokuntuleka kokukhanya kwelanga ezinsukwini zemvula noma endlini eluhlaza ebusika, futhi ukhuthaze i-chlorophyll, i-anthocyanin kanye ne-carotene edingekayo ku-photosynthesis yezitshalo, ukuze izithelo nemifino zivunwe ngo-20% kusenesikhathi, okwandisa isivuno ngo-3 kuya ku-50%, ngisho nangaphezulu. Ubumnandi bezithelo nemifino kunciphisa izinambuzane nezifo.
8. Umthombo wokukhanya we-LED ubizwa nangokuthi umthombo wokukhanya we-semiconductor. Lolu hlobo lomthombo wokukhanya lunobude obuncane futhi lungakhipha ukukhanya kobude obuthile, ngakho-ke umbala wokukhanya ungalawulwa. Ukuwusebenzisa ukukhanyisela izitshalo kuphela kungathuthukisa izinhlobo zezitshalo.
9. Izibani zokukhulisa izitshalo ze-LED zinamandla aphansi kodwa zisebenza kahle kakhulu, ngoba ezinye izibani zikhipha ububanzi obugcwele, okungukuthi, kunemibala eyi-7, kodwa okudingwa izitshalo ukukhanya okubomvu nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngakho-ke iningi lamandla okukhanya kwezibani zendabuko liyachithwa, ngakho ukusebenza kahle kuphansi kakhulu. Isibani sokukhulisa izitshalo se-LED singakhipha ukukhanya okubomvu nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okudingwa izitshalo, ngakho ukusebenza kahle kuphezulu kakhulu. Yingakho amandla ama-watt ambalwa esibani sokukhulisa izitshalo se-LED engcono kunesibani esinamandla amashumi ama-watt noma ngisho namakhulu ama-watt.
Esinye isizathu ukuntuleka kokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-spectrum yezibani ze-sodium zendabuko, kanye nokuntuleka kokukhanya okubomvu ku-spectrum yezibani ze-mercury kanye nezibani ezonga amandla. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokukhanya owengeziwe wezibani zendabuko mubi kakhulu kunowezibani ze-LED, futhi wonga amandla angaphezu kuka-90% uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani zendabuko. Izindleko zincishisiwe kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-06-2021